L.V. Kovalchuk, H.V. Nelasa

Èlektron. model. 2024, 46(4):03-18

https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.46.04.003

ABSTRACT

The article considers the problem of reducing the losses caused by the implementation of threats to the topology of connections. Threats considered may relate to the integrity, confidentiality and availability of the information transmitted by the corresponding connection. At the same time, it is assumed that the amount of total funding allocated to protect against these threats is limited to a certain amount. This amount should be divided into parts, each of which will correspond to the financing of protection against a certain threat. A corresponding mathematical model was created to solve this problem. In this model, we make the reasonable assumption that the more funding is provided to protect against a threat, the less is the probability of its occuring. With this assumption, the problem is reduced to an optimization problem, which, generally speaking, cannot be solved by analytical methods. But for a small number of variables (up to 100 variables), this problem can be solved numerically using the tools of the Mathematica package. The article also provides the program code that implements the solution of this problem, and numerical examples of its solution using this code.

KEYWORDS

connection topology, risk management, optimization problem.

REFERENCES

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6. Kitsak, M., Ganin, A., Elmokashfi, A., Cui, H., Eisenberg, D.A., Alderson, D.L., Korkin, D., & Linkov, I. (2023). Finding shortest and nearly shortest path nodes in large substantially incomplete networks by hyperbolic mapping. Nature Communications, 14, 186. 
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7. Barraza de la Paz, J.V., Rodríguez-Picón, L.A., Morales-Rocha, V., & Torres-Argüelle, S.V. (2023). A Systematic Review of Risk Management Methodologies for Complex Organizations in Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Systems, 11(5), 218. 
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A.I. Krasilnikov

Èlektron. model. 2024, 46(4):19-38

https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.46.04.019

ABSTRACT

For two-component mixtures of shifted distributions a general formula for finding the value of the shift parameter , at which the cumulant coefficients  of any order are equal to zero, is obtained. An algorithm for mathematical and computer modeling of two-component mixtures of shifted distributions with zero cumulant coefficients is formulated. General formulas for two-component mixtures of shifted gamma-distributions with zero cumulant coefficients of any order are obtained and examples of mixtures with zero skewness and kurtosis coefficients are given. General formulas of two-component mixtures of shifted Student’s distributions with zero cumulant coefficients of any order are obtained and examples of mixtures with zero kurtosis coefficient and coefficient  are given. The research results provide the practical possibility of using two-component mixtures of shifted distributions for mathematical and computer modeling of non-Gaussian random variables with zero cumulant coefficients of any order.

KEYWORDS

non-Gaussian distributions, two-component mixtures of distributions, cumulant analysis, cumulant coefficients, skewness coefficient, kurtosis coefficient.

REFERENCES

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A.M. Semeniuk

Èlektron. model. 2024, 46(4):39-49

https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.46.04.039

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the conducted research is to develop a mathematical model of the interaction of solar radiation and photoreceiving panels, as well as a mathematical apparatus for calculating the angle of the position of these panels to generate the maximum possible power of energy. These calculations should be used in the design of the system for controlling the position of the solar panel of the SPP. The considered problem is relevant for the field of renewable energy - solar energy, as well as for the design and construction of "small", home alternative energy photovoltaic systems.

The task that was solved in this work is the determination of the most effective method of orientation of the solar battery and a proposal for its implementation. The developed device allows you to calculate solar insolation on any day of the year and day, in accordance with the geographical location of the SES, the height of the placement relative to sea level, and the topography of the area. The hardware-mathematical functionality used allows to optimally place the photoreceptors under the condition of sunlight in order to maintain the direct and most effective angle of incidence of the sun's rays on their surface; as well as with scattered, diffuse or reflected lighting. To prevent damage to the device under adverse conditions, "alternate modes" of operation are provided.

KEYWORDS

tracking system model, solar panel position monitoring, decision-making algorithm, probabilistic estimates.

REFERENCES

1. Frolova T. & Frolov A. (2018) Analysis of a Solar Simulator Based on the Electrodeless Sulfur Lamp for Photovoltaic Devices. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 77(i 6), 525-539.
   https://doi.org/10.1615/TelecomRadEng.v77.i6.50
2. (dateless). How does the installation angle of solar batteries affect/ Taken 2024/04/10 from https://leader-nrg.com.ua/blog/kak-vliyaet-ugol-ustanovki-solnechnyh-batarej/
3. Semeniuk, A.M. (2023). Calculation of the angle of rotation and inclination of the plane of solar panels, XII International scientific and practical conference of young scientists and students (pp. 299-301). V.N. Karazin KhNU, Kharkiv.
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V. Zubok, G. Dubynskyi

Èlektron. model. 2024, 46(4):50-59

https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.46.04.050

ABSTRACT

The concept of cyberspace as a critical information infrastructure object using mathematical topology is described. A method for categorizing the risk of an external connection based on the impact on the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information exchanged over this connection is proposed. The method considers communication as an element of the cyberspace topology of a critical information infrastructure object, a "supply chain" from the cyber security risk management perspective. That makes it possible to fill the corresponding gap in the national regulatory documents on categorizing critical infrastructure objects and their cyber protection.

KEYWORDS

critical infrastructure, cyber security, cyberspace, topology, risk assessment, risk categorizing.

REFERENCES

1. Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union, amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 and Directive (EU) 2018/1972, and repealing Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (NIS2 Directive). O.J. L 333, 27.12.2022, p. 80-
2. Some issues regarding critical infrastructure objects: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated October 9, 2020, No. 1109: as of May 11, 2023. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1109-2020-п#Text (access date: July 12, 2023).
3. On approval of the Procedure for maintaining the Register of critical infrastructure objects, including such objects in the Register, access and provision of information from it: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated April 28, 2023, No. 415. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/415-2023-п#Text (access date: July 12, 2023).
4. Some issues regarding critical information infrastructure objects: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated October 9, 2020, No. 943: as of September 7, 2022. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/943-2020-п#Text (access date: July 12, 2023).
5. On approval of the Criteria for determining enterprises, institutions, and organizations that are of critical importance for the national economy in the fields of special communication organization, information protection, cybersecurity, critical infrastructure protection, electronic communications, and radio frequency spectrum in a special period: Order of the Administration of the State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine dated May 31, 2023, No. 465. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1057-23#Text (access date: July 12, 2023).
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   https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.45.05.054
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    https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340801011
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